Ion optics for Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry

This paper offers a brief introduction to the ion optics of FT-ICR mass spectrometry, followed by selected examples of various means for improved simulation and control of ion trajectories in a Penning ion trap (which may be of hyperboloidal, cylindrical, or cubic configuration), as well as means for injecting ions through a magnetic field gradient by use of an rf-only octupole ion guide.