Life Management and Power Management Issues in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey

Wireless sensor networks consist of small nodes which sense its local environment then it done processing and send the data to the other sensor node or end user. These sensor nodes have very limited battery power, due to this reason their life is small. Power management and life management issues in wireless sensor network are recent research topic. Many power management and life management protocols have been specifically designed for WSNs (wireless sensor networks) where energy conservation is an essential design issue. Routing protocols used in each wireless sensor network are different. Routing protocol is depending on the network architecture and application. Mainly this paper present a survey on routing techniques used in WSNs for power management which also increases life of WSNs. We also give the reason that “why we require life management and power management in WSNs?”, “How routing protocols of wireless sensor networks are classified for energy efficiency?”, “What are the design challenges for routing protocol in WSNs?”, and “How the life and power management is done on each layer of WSNs model?”