Ultrasound assisted PTC catalyzed saponification of vegetable oils using aqueous alkali

A few vegetable oils were saponified using aqueous KOH and different PTCs at room temperature in the presence of ultrasound. The extent of saponification was studied using the saponification value as a reference. Optimizations of various parameters such as time, selection of PTC, quantity of PTC, quantity of KOH and quantity of water were carried out using soyabean oil as a sample oil under sonication with stirring. To study the effect of ultrasound, the saponification was also carried out at 35 ± 2°C under different conditions, namely stirring, sonication, stirring and sonication, and heating at 100°C. It was found that the heterogeneous liquid-liquid phase saponification of different vegetable oils using aq. KOH/CTAB was remarkably accelerated at 35 ± 2°C in the presence of ultrasound along with stirring.