Absolute X-ray yields of light muonic atoms

The intensity of muonic X-rays was measured in Ne, O2, N2, He, and H2 gas at low densities for which external electron refilling can be neglected. Absolute yields were extracted and compared to results of cascade calculations. Knowledge of the yields of the circular (n + 1, l = n → n, l = n − 1) X-ray transitions allows an in situ efficiency calibration of X-ray detectors down to energies of 1.5 keV.