The on axis coupled structure type RF gun

The fundamental design of this newly developed RF gun with a thermionic cathode is the π/2 mode standing wave structure. It has two accelerating cells and a coupling cell located on the beam axis, a so-called on axis coupled structure (OCS). This structure offers a stable operation for high beam current, owing to high group velocity and wide bandwidth. It is important to reduce damage onto the cathode caused by back bombardment, especially for long macropulse operation, such as in an FEL injector. Back bombardment, as well as output beam profile was simulated by using the electromagnetic field analytical codes ‘EMSYS’(2D) and ‘MAFIA’(3D). The cavity shape was optimized to reduce back bombardment power without sacrificing beam emittance.