Testing an ionization chamber with gaseous samples and measurements of the (n, α) reaction cross sections

A new ionization chamber with gaseous samples (GIC) has been designed and tested on the thermal and resonance neutron beams of FLNPʹs neutron sources. The exposed gas volume serves as a target for neutrons. The obtained thermal cross sections for the 17O(n, α)14C, 21Ne(n, α)18O and 36Ar(n, α)33S reactions are (233±12) mb, (0.18±0.09) mb and (5.43±0.27) mb, respectively. These measurements have been performed on a pure beam of thermal neutrons from the high flux reactor IBR-2; and they demonstrated high efficiency and reliability of the method. Compared to samples on substrates, the application of gaseous samples makes the beam background essentially lower, and what is more important, the background component is totally absent due to the absence of Li and B microimpurities in gaseous samples while they do present in the samples on substrates. The method is also applicable to measurements with resonance neutrons. The recovery capability of the GIC after the reactor power pulse has also been tested using the protons from the 3He(n, p)3H reaction, α-particles from a U-source and a pulsed precision generator.