A study of Gd-based parallel plate avalanche counter for thermal neutrons by MC simulation

In this work, we demonstrate the feasibility and characteristics of a single-gap parallel plate avalanche counter (PPAC) as a low energy neutron detector, based on Gd-converter coating. Upon falling on the Gd-converter surface, the incident low energy neutrons produce internal conversion electrons which are evaluated and detected. For estimating the performance of the Gd-based PPAC, a simulation study has been performed using GEANT4 Monte Carlo (MC) code. The detector response as a function of incident neutron energies in the range of 25–100 meV has been evaluated with two different physics lists. Using the QGSP _ BIC _ HP physics list and assuming 5 μ m converter thickness, 11.8%, 18.48%, and 30.28% detection efficiencies have been achieved for the forward-, the backward-, and the total response of the converter-based PPAC. On the other hand, considering the same converter thickness and detector configuration, with the QGSP _ BERT _ HP physics list efficiencies of 12.19%, 18.62%, and 30.81%, respectively, were obtained. These simulation results are briefly discussed.