Analysis & Design of the Coupling Efficiency using Ion Exchange Tapered Waveguide

This paper reports modeling and simulation of low-loss coupling between two different sections standard optical fiber. This Technique will use a Tapered waveguide made by ion exchange technique on glass substrate. The principle of ion exchange technology, to make a planar waveguides on glass, is explained. So we have developed a program that simulates diffusion with or without external electric field assistance to manufacture diffused waveguides. On the other hand, the numerical method used to compute the propagation in those waveguides, is the finite-difference vector beam propagation method (FD-VBPM). As an application, concave and convex ion exchange (IEx) Tapers obtained by varying the parameter ?, are analyzed. Length, input and output cross-section of this component, are also varied in order to investigate the effects of geometric parameters on coupling efficiency. The calculated coupling losses are reasonable and acceptable and prove that using convex Tapered waveguide is recommended.