A new heavy and radiation-hard Cherenkov radiator based on PbWO4

We propose a new heavy and radiation-hard Cherenkov radiators based on PbWO4, which has been established as one of the heaviest and radiation-hard scintillators in these years by means of purifying raw materials, doping with appropriate trivalent ions, etc. Heavy doping with trivalent ions such as Gd3+(or La3+) by more than 3 at%(5 at%) in the melt, considerably reduces the scintillation light intensity to a level as low as or lower than the Cherenkov light intensity, by keeping the excellent radiation hardness and causing no significant degradation in the short wavelength cutoff in the transmittance spectra.