3D multispecies nonlinear perturbative particle simulations of collective processes in intense particle beams for heavy ion fusion

Collective processes in intense charged particle beams for heavy ion fusion are studied using a 3D multispecies nonlinear perturbative particle simulation method, which solves self-consistently the nonlinear Vlasov–Maxwell equations. The newly-developed Beam Equilibrium Stability and Transport code is used to simulate the nonlinear stability properties of intense beam propagation, surface and body eigenmodes in a high-intensity beam, and the electron-ion two-stream instability, which occurs when a small population of (unwanted) electrons is present in the system.