Muon tracking and triggering with gaseous detectors and some applications

In this review paper the present state-of-the-art of muon detection systems using gaseous detectors at the Large Hadron collider (LHC) is described. Beginning with a discussion of the concepts of muon detection systems, a comparison of the various technologies used is made with respect to the challenges at present experiments, and developments for future upgrades are discussed. Starting from wire chambers, micropattern detectors are described and their readiness for upgrades is highlighted. Aging, long-term sustained operation and factors affecting gas choice are discussed. Finally some applications outside particle physics are also presented.