Gaseous photomultipliers with solid photocathodes for the detection of sparks, flames and dangerous gases

In many applications, it is necessary to detect sparks or flames in daylight conditions or in illuminated areas. Most flames emit strongly in the ultraviolet spectrum (180–280 nm), and this property can be used for reliable identification of flames. We have developed new spark and flame detectors based on gaseous photomultipliers with CsI, CuI or CsTe photocathodes. A modified version of the detector can also detect smoke and dangerous vapors. These detectors are able to perform complex monitoring and detection functions. Some of their advantages are: low cost, high sensitivity, large output signal and operation under battery power. Gaseous photomultipliers can be position sensitive and, if necessary, be used in combination with various optical systems, for example for monitoring flames from space.