Author/Authors :
Albrecht، نويسنده , , H. and Bauer، نويسنده , , Th.S. and Beck، نويسنده , , M. and Belkov، نويسنده , , A. and Berkhan، نويسنده , , K. and Bohm، نويسنده , , G. M. Bruinsma، نويسنده , , M. and Buran، نويسنده , , T. and Capeans، نويسنده , , M. and Chamanina، نويسنده , , J. and Chen، نويسنده , , B.X. and Deckers، نويسنده , , H. and Dehmelt، نويسنده , , K. and Dong، نويسنده , , X. and Eckmann، نويسنده , , R. and Emelianov، نويسنده , , D. and Fourl، نويسنده ,
Abstract :
The HERA-B Outer Tracker consists of drift tubes folded from polycarbonate foil and is operated with Ar/CF4/CO2 as drift gas. The detector has to stand radiation levels which are similar to LHC conditions. The first prototypes exposed to radiation in HERA-B suffered severe radiation damage due to the development of self-sustaining currents (Malter effect). In a subsequent extended R&D program major changes to the original concept for the drift tubes (surface conductivity, drift gas, production materials) have been developed and validated for use in harsh radiation environments. In the test program various aging effects (such as Malter currents, gain loss due to anode aging and etching of the anode gold surface) were observed, and cures by tuning of operation parameters were developed.
Keywords :
Tracker , Gaseous detectors , Anode aging , Malter effect , Persistent dark current , Plasma corrosion
