Silica aerogel radiators for bunch length measurements

Cherenkov radiators based on silica aerogel are used to measure the electron bunch length at the photo injector test facility at DESY Zeuthen (PITZ). The energy range of those electrons is 4–5 MeV. In this paper, the time resolution defined by the usage of aerogel is calculated analytically and Monte Carlo simulations are performed. It is shown that silica aerogel gives the possibility to reach a time resolution of about 0.1 ps for high photon intensities and a time resolution of about 0.02 ps can be obtained for thin silica aerogel radiators.