Creation of Point Mutation by Means of EMS Mutagen in Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis)

The plant (Melissa officinalis) is a type of medicinal plants that has many uses in hygiene and drug industries because of its many precious essences. Mutagenic material like EMS make distinct form resulting from genetic mutation in the plants and eventually led to emergence of new phenotype. In this research any type of EMS concentration induced on MS medium without hormones. The effect of time and concentration of EMS were 24 & 48 hours and 0, 0/05%, 0/01%, 0.005% respectively. The results show that induction of mutagenic material like EMS could be effected on peppermint. Various morphological factors including the stem length, root length, germinations per stem, the count of progressive lateral roots, and also the leaf count were analyzed and showed a significant response from the explants in this study (5%,1% level). Concentration of 0.01% EMS has excellent result on it. Some of peculiarity like length of stem, number of leaf and number of lateral bud has been changed. Extracted of essence and comparison with prototype plant have been showed no differences in essence.