Establishment of Highly Efficient Genetic Transformation System of Sugarcane Callus Mediated by Agrobacterium

To date, it is difficult to transform sugarcane using Agrobacterium because sugarcane belongs to Monocotyledonae, which are not native host of Agrobacterium. To establish a highly efficient sugarcane transformation system, the optimal concentration of antibiotic (Km) was screened for subculture and differentiation of sugarcane calli, as well as seedling rooting, respectively. The factors that influenced sugarcane transformation, such as pre-culture time, infection time and co-culture time were also studied. The results showed that the optimal concentrations of antibiotic (Km) for subculture, differentiation and seedling rooting were 300 mg/L, 40 mg/L and 20 mg/L, respectively. The optimal pre-culture time, infection time and co-culture time were 4 days, 30 min and 4 days, respectively. PCR detection showed that 61.6% of resistant plants were transgenic. This work lays a solid foundation for further study on gene function and transgenic research of sugarcane.