Dispersion as the link between basic research and commercial applications of conductive polymers (polyaniline)

A critical review is given about the status and potentials of commercial applications of conductive polymers, mainly polyaniline. It is shown that ‘dispersion’ has evolved to be the necessary key for making conductive polymers suitable for industrial applications, at least if ‘conductive’ (i.e. ‘doped’ conjugated polymers) and not neutral, ‘undoped’ conjugated polymers are under review.