Functionalized polypyrroles : a sophisticated glue for the immobilization and electrical wiring of enzymes

The concept and potentialities of two original electrochemical procedures of enzyme immobilization based on functionalized polypyrroles are described. A two-step method consists of the adsorption of aqueous amphiphilic pyrrole monomerenzyme mixtures on an electrode surface followed by electropolymerization of the adsorbed amphiphilic monomers. Example of multienzyme entrapment and copoiymer elaboration as well as electrical wiring of immobilized enzymes are presented. The second method is based on the electropolymerization of a pyrrole-modified biotin. The resulting polymer was successfully used for successive attachment of avidin and biotinylated enzymes.