Flow- and locomotion-induced pattern formation in nonlinear population dynamics

Conditions for the emergence of flow- and/or locomotion-induced instabilities of stationary, spatially uniform two-species population distributions in nonlinear interaction-advection systems are derived for three-dimensional space. The mechanism is proposed as another possibility for patch formation in population dynamics. The spatial patterning in a minimal model for nonlinear interactions of phytoplankton and locomotive herbivorous zooplankton is presented as an example.