Synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline Zn ferrites substituted with Ni

Nanocrystalline powders of nickel substituted zinc ferrite with general formula NixZn1−xFe2O4 (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1) have been synthesized via sol–gel auto-combustion method using tartaric acid as combustion-complexing agent. Samples were sintered at 773 K and 973 K in static air atmosphere. The absence of the organic phase and the spinel formation were monitored by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The structure and crystallite size were analyzed from X-ray diffraction data revealing spinel mono-phase formation in the range of nanometric crystallite size confirmed also through scanning electron microscopy. Mean size of crystallites lay in the range 20–40 nm. The influence of nickel content on the microstructure was investigated considering the crystallite size, distance between adjacent crystal planes, lattice parameter and porosity. The variation of magnetic properties of the samples was studied by using vibrating samples magnetometer and discussed considering the proposed cation distribution, relative bond angles and canting angles. The highest maximum value of the magnetization (63 emu/g) was found for Ni0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4.