Ion release and surface oxide composition of AISI 316L, Co–28Cr–6Mo, and Ti–6Al–4V alloys immersed in human serum albumin solutions

The long-term weight loss, ion release, and surface composition of 316L, Co–28Cr–6Mo and Ti–6Al–4V alloys were investigated in a simulated body environment. The samples were immersed in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solutions with various human serum albumin (HSA) concentrations for 8, 14, and 22 weeks. The specimens initially lost weight up to 14 weeks and then slightly gained weight. The analysis of the released ions was performed by induced coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). The results revealed that the precipitation of the dissolved Fe and Co could cause the weight gain of the 316L and Co–28Cr–6Mo alloys. The surface chemistry of the specimens was determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The XPS analysis of Co–28Cr–6Mo alloy showed that the interaction of Mo with HSA is different from Mo with bovine serum albumin (BSA). This was also observed for Na adsorption into the oxide layer of Ti–6Al–4V alloy in the presence of HSA and BSA.