Control of ferromagnetism in (In0.9Fe0.1)2O3 via F doping of electron carriers

Ferromagnetism in (In0.9Fe0.1)2O3 was obtained by fluorine (F) doping. The ferromagnetism can be controlled by changing the electron carrier concentration via F doping. With increasing the F concentration, the electron carrier concentration increases, and samples undergo a paramagnetic insulator to ferromagnetic metal transition. For the ferromagnetic samples, the anomalous Hall effect (AHE) was observed. These results indicate that electron carriers play an important role in inducing the ferromagnetism.