Culture media and methods for the isolation of Listeria monocytogenes

The recovery of low numbers of Listeria monocytogenes from foods and environmental samples requires the use of enrichment cultures followed by selective plating and, where injured organisms are likely to be present, a pre-enrichment step. The development of selective and enrichment media for L. monocytogenes is traced and currently used media are discussed. Comparisons of media and methods for the culture of L. monocytogenes are reported but no single method can be recommended for all situations. Guidance is given on the choice of media and methods which is governed by the type of sample, number and nature of competing flora and cost.