Comparative Study on Lipid Changes in Glycemic Uncontrolled Diabetes Type 1 and Type 2

OBJECTIVES: To compare the lipid profile in glycemic uncontrolled type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) with type 2 glycemic uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM) and with matched controls. STUDY DESIGN: Comparative study. PLACE AND DURATION: Diabetic Clinic Ward-7, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi- Pakistan, from March 2007 to June 2007. METHODOLOGY: Total 120 adult subjects of either sex were included with set criteria in study and were distributed into three groups of 40 subjects. Group 1 glycemic uncontrolled diabetes type 1 using insulin regularly, Group 2 glycemic uncontrolled diabetes type 2 using oral hypoglycemic drugs regularly, and Group 3 non-diabetic controls. Lipid, lipoproteins, fasting serum sugar and HbA1c were analyzed and compared between both groups of diabetes as well as control group. RESULT: Fasting serum glucose, HbA1c, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol were significantly increased whereas HDL cholesterol levels were found to be significantly decreased in both groups of diabetes than in control group. There was no significant difference between type 1 diabetics (group 1) and type 2 diabetics (group 2) in any parameter except that HDL cholesterol levels were increased significantly in type 2 glycemic uncontrolled diabetics, compared to type 1 glycemic uncontrolled diabetics. CONCLUSION: Patients with glycemic uncontrolled diabetics type 2 have greater disturbance in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism as compare to type 1 glycemic uncontrolled type 1 as well as to controls.