Densification and dielectric properties of barium neodymium titanium oxide ceramics

The effects of B2O3-doping on the sintering behavior and dielectric properties of BaNd2Ti5O14 (BNT) ceramics were investigated in this study. The addition of B2O3 significantly enhanced the sinterability of BNT and lowered the required sintering temperatures. When the doping amount of B2O3 was ⩽2.0 wt.%, BNT was well densified via a liquid-phase sintering mechanism. The dielectric constants of these samples markedly increased with an increase in the doping amounts of B2O3. However, when 5.0 wt.% B2O3 was doped, BNT was partially decomposed to form large pillar-like Ba2Ti9O20 grains, causing the samples to expand and thereby reducing the sintering density. The expansion of samples and the low dielectric constant of Ba2Ti9O20 phase both contributed to the reduction in the dielectric constant of the over-doped samples. It reveals that the doping amounts of B2O3 should be well controlled for facilitating the sintering process and increasing the dielectric constants of BNT ceramics.