Synthesis and evaluation of hardness and sliding wear resistance of electrodeposited nanocrystalline Ni–W alloys

The present work involves synthesis, characterization and evaluation of hardness and sliding wear resistance of electrodeposited nanocrystalline Ni–W alloys. Crystallite size reduced with an increase in current density due to an increase in the W content. Ni–W alloy with 9.33 at.% W plated at 75 °C exhibited the maximum hardness of 638 HV. Alloys plated at 75 °C followed direct Hall–Petch relation. However, alloys plated at 85 °C exhibited an inverse Hall–Petch relation below a crystallite size of 15 nm. Wear resistance of alloys plated at 75 °C increased due to an increase in hardness with a reduction in the crystallite size up to 20 nm. It reduced due to brittle fracture of the coating below 20 nm. Wear resistance of alloys plated at 85 °C increased with a reduction in the crystallite size in the direct Hall–Petch region and decreased in the inverse Hall–Petch region. Ni–W coatings with 6–8 at.% W exhibited superior wear resistance.