Strength of AISI 316L in torsion at high temperature

Hot torsion flow behaviour of 30 μm grained AISI 316L stainless steel was investigated in the range of temperatures 850–1100 °C with equivalent strain rates 0.0001–0.006 s−1. For temperatures higher than 900 °C the material presented an unusual linear relationship at low strains between equivalent stress, σEq, and equivalent strain, ɛEq, whilst at 850 °C a parabolic σEq–ɛEq relationship was observed. The flow behaviour of 100 μm grained AISI 316L stainless steel torsionally deformed at 1000 °C with equivalent strain rate of 0.006 s−1 was reported to follow the expected parabolic σEq–ɛEq relationship and produced a significantly higher flow stress than the 30 μm grained material (about 40% higher at 0.5 equivalent strain). In both materials an unusual grain shape evolution from pre-deformation equiaxed to rhomboidal was observed during torsion, which was rationalised [G. Angella, B.P. Wynne, W.M. Rainforth, J.H. Beynon, Acta Mater. 53 (2005) 1263] in terms of strain induced grain boundary migration (SIGBM) combined with the torsion stress field. A qualitative model is proposed to describe the flow behaviour of the AISI 316L stainless steel based on the unusual grain structure evolution and, in turn, on SIGBM.