The effect of processing routes on the structure and properties of magnesium–TiNi composites

TiNi particulate-reinforced magnesium matrix composites were fabricated by rotary hot swaging and post-annealing heat treatment. The magnesium matrix of the processed composites was observed to contain elongated grains comprised of equiaxed recrystallised grains. Each elongated grain was surrounded by thin, non-continuous magnesium oxide layers composed of nanometric magnesium oxide particles. The TiNi reinforcement particles preserved their starting spherical shape during processing and testing. However, the hot deformation and annealing heat treatment changed the underlying room temperature microstructures and transformation behaviours of the reinforcements. In contrast to the majority of the ceramic reinforcements, the ductility of the composites was not significantly degraded by the addition of TiNi reinforcements; conversely, an approximately 25% enhancement was recorded in the elongation values for the Mg–5 vol% TiNi alloy. While the yield strengths of the composites changed linearly with increasing reinforcement content, the highest compression peak strength value was obtained with the addition of 5 vol% TiNi, beyond which the strength was slightly decreased. During mechanical testing, the TiNi particles debonded due to insufficient bonding between the matrix and reinforcement, and fracture resulted largely within the oxide layers present in the interfacial region and the magnesium oxide film in the magnesium grain boundaries.