Higher-order mode calculations, predictions and overview of damping schemes for energy recovering linacs

This paper gives a brief review of computational methods for calculating higher-order mode (HOM) impedances for RF structures, the cases for which they are appropriate and some comparisons with measurements. An overview of damping schemes suitable for moderate to high current energy recovered linacs (ERLs), is presented, with a discussion of the proʹs and conʹs of each. The influence of number of cells per cavity, cell shape and cell-to-cell coupling are described. The Jefferson Lab Ampere-class cryomodule concept is presented as an example and the issue of HOM power is highlighted.