The parallel cylindrical mirror analyzer: axis-to-axis configuration

The operation of the parallel cylindrical mirror analyzer (PCMA) in the axis-to-axis configuration is described. A wide range of energies can be covered in the parallel acquisition mode. A second-order focusing mode also exists for which a region of limited energy range can be viewed with higher energy resolution. The PCMA can easily be switched between the parallel acquisition and second-order modes. The acceptance full width in the transverse direction can be as large as 90°. The effects of the meshes at the entrance and exit regions are considered. The PCMA is compared with the hyperbolic field analyzer.