Author/Authors :
Bertou، نويسنده , , X. and Allison، نويسنده , , P.S. and Bonifazi، نويسنده , , C. and Bauleo، نويسنده , , P. and Grunfeld، نويسنده , , C.M. and Aglietta، نويسنده , , M. and Arneodo، نويسنده , , F. and Barnhill، نويسنده , , D. and Beatty، نويسنده , , J.J. and Busca، نويسنده , , N.G. and Creusot، نويسنده , , A. and Dornic، نويسنده , , D. and Etchegoyen، نويسنده , , A. and Filevitch، نويسنده , , A. and Ghia، نويسنده , , P.L. and Lhenry-Yvon، نويسنده , , I. and Medina، نويسنده , , M.C. and Moreno، نويسنده , , E. and Nitz، نويسنده , , D. and Ohnuki، نويسنده , , T. and Ranchon، نويسنده , , S. and Salazar، نويسنده , , H. and Suomijنrvi، نويسنده , , T. and Supanitsky، نويسنده , , D. and Tripathi، نويسنده , , A. and Urban، نويسنده , , M. and Villasenor، نويسنده , , L.، نويسنده ,
Abstract :
The Pierre Auger Observatory is designed to study cosmic rays of the highest energies ( > 10 19 eV ) . The ground array of the Observatory will consist of 1600 water Cherenkov detectors deployed over 3000 km 2 . The remoteness and large number of detectors require a robust, automatic self-calibration procedure. It relies on the measurement of the average charge collected by a photomultiplier tube from the Cherenkov light produced by a vertical and central through-going muon, determined to 5–10% at the detector via a novel rate-based technique and to 3% precision through analysis of histograms of the charge distribution. The parameters needed for the calibration are measured every minute, allowing for an accurate determination of the signals recorded from extensive air showers produced by primary cosmic rays. The method also enables stable and uniform triggering conditions to be achieved.
