Predicting induced radioactivity in a large high-energy physics apparatus: The example of the ATLAS experiment

Calculations of induced radioactivity in the ATLAS detector were performed in order to define its radioactive waste zoning. Two independent studies were carried out. The first was based on folding particle flux spectra obtained from the GCALOR code with the radionuclide production cross-sections. The second study was based on extensive calculations with the FLUKA code. This paper describes the two studies in detail; it presents the calculation methods and discusses their advantages and disadvantages. A comparison of their predictions is given. Finally, the paper discusses the designation of the ATLAS radioactive waste zoning on the basis of the combined knowledge gained from both studies.