Flatfishes of Norwegian coasts and fjords

Bottom trawl surveys in North Norwegian fjords and coastal areas, on a South Norwegian coastal bank, and along the Russian Kola coast, are used to describe distribution, species composition, individual growth, population structure, and exploitation of plaice (Pleuronectes platessa), long rough dab (Hippoglossoides platessoides), witch (Glyptocephalus cynoglossus), lemon sole (Microstomus kitt), dab (Limanda limanda), megrim (Lepidorhombus whiffiagonis), halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) and Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides). Based on distribution and abundance, individual species have been grouped as northern, southern or intermediate, as shallow or deep, and as associated with fjords or with coastal banks. The four most abundant flatfishes in Norwegian coastal zones, plaice, long rough dab, witch, and lemon sole, were equally or more abundant in the north compared to the south. Specimens of these species were generally larger in the north and mean length at age tended to be lower. Possible nursery areas were indicated for plaice and lemon sole.