Low temperature synthesis and characterization of BiNbO4 powders

BiNbO4 powders, a potential microwave dielectric ceramic were prepared by both co-precipitation and solid state techniques. In the former method, an aqueous ammonium hydroxide was used to precipitate Bi3+ and Ta5+ cations as hydroxides simultaneously under basic conditions. It is observed that the co-precipitation produces BiNbO4 phase on heating at 600 °C, whereas complete phase formation occurs only at 800 °C in the case of solid state method. The phase contents and lattice parameters were studied by powder X-ray diffraction. The sequence of the reaction and phase evolution of BiNbO4 were also studied by the X-ray diffraction. The samples were characterized by the differential–thermal/thermo-gravimetric analyses and scanning electron microscopy techniques.