Investigation of surface near residual stress states after micro-cutting by finite element simulation

Surface layer properties, namely residual stresses, surface work hardening and surface roughness, have a great influence on the service life of components. Especially the residual stress state of the surface layer after cutting is of great importance and shows a strong material specific behavior. Therefore the dependence of the residual stresses on the cutting edge radius, which plays a crucial role for micro-cutting, is investigated in chip forming simulations using ABAQUS/Standard. The residual stress states are evaluated for the reference material normalized AISI 1045 and are compared with a model material representing a hardened material state. The process knowledge will be increased by the systematic separation of physical effects leading to material specific residual stress states after cutting. The simulation results are validated by the comparison with experimentally determined residual stress depth profiles, using X-ray diffraction method, showing a good correlation.