Control of deformation levels on machined surfaces

Deformation history of machined surface in low-speed cutting has been characterized using image correlation, complemented by hardness and microstructure analyses. Scaling of subsurface strain distribution, and large surface strains are observed. Similarity in deformation history of chip and near-surface suggests a framework for engineering surfaces with controlled deformation levels and microstructures, directly, by machining. The deformation characterization offers scope also for improvement of machining models.