Atomic structure of bulk metallic glasses and their supercooled liquid states probed by high-energy synchrotron light

Like non-metallic glasses, many bulk metallic glasses manifest a glass-transition temperature T g during heating prior to crystallisation. While the exact nature of the atomic structure of a metallic glass depends on its thermo-mechanical history (quench-rate, plastic deformation, …), a unique and reproducible average atomic structure is attained if the glass transition temperature can be approached in a reversible manner. However, a metallic glass is always metastable and crystallises within a time t near or above its T g in such a way that any reciprocal or real-space information on the fully glassy state at T ⩾ T g must be completed within acquisition times τ a ≪ t and this condition is in general difficult to attain with conventional X-ray diffraction devices. e report on experiments using high-energy, high-flux synchrotron light in the transmission for probing of the atomic structure of bulk metallic glasses. Examples are given of the determination of the isochoric glass transition T g and the quenched-in free-volume. Finally, we report on the evolution of the atomic structure in the supercooled liquid region ( T > T g ) and its role in the enhancement of glass formability.