Nonlinear waves to study the evolution of collapsed soliton and its radiation

It has been shown that the Korteweg–de Vries equation, derived in inhomogeneous plasma, finds difficulty in obtaining the complete soliton solution and its propagation in plasma and thus fails to exhibit the actual nature of plasma acoustic-wave. The key here lies in the use of an approach, known as sine-Gordon method, which describes successfully soliton propagation along with its precursor. The study shows that the soliton, due to the interaction of negative ions, collapses expecting a source of soliton radiation. Moreover, inhomogeneity, along with weak ionization, effects the precursor to grow faster by generating the energy from its main soliton. The results are interesting in the light of having a parallel observation on radiation, and the formation of dip and hump solitons as similar to those observations made by the scientific satellites.