Optimal longitudes determination for the station keeping of areostationary satellites

In this paper we present the determination of the optimal longitudes to maintain an areostationary satellite within a predefined longitude band over a place above Mars taking into account the Martian gravitational field perturbations and solar radiation pressure effects. Firstly, using an analytical model, longitudinal equilibrium points are estimated and compared with Earth. Secondly, equilibrium longitudes are enhanced numerically. Numerical results show the precise longitude of the two stable and unstable points for areostationary satellites localization. Finally, from the tangential accelerations obtained for longitudes covering the whole Mars, the magnitude of the impulses needed to control the mean longitude evolution in a year is presented and optimal longitudes are discussed.