A new chronology for the middle to late Miocene continental record in Spain

The first detailed chronology for the middle to late Miocene continental record in Spain is presented, based on high-resolution magnetostratigraphic data of mammal-bearing sections which were studied in several basins (Calatayud-Daroca, Teruel, Vallès-Penedès, Duero and Júcar-Cabriel). Our results indicate that these sections compose an almost complete magnetostratigraphic succession from the lower Aragonian (MN4) to the middle Turolian (MN12). Seven successive Mammal Neogene (MN) zone boundaries are directly dated in these sections, which often contain faunas of two successive zones in superposition. The three oldest boundaries are dated in the Aragonian type area (Calatayud-Daroca Basin). The MN4/MN5 boundary (Vargas section) occurs in chron C5Cr(o) with a corresponding age of 17.26 ± 0.01 Ma, the MN5/MN6 boundary (Aragon section) in chron C5ACn(0.8), with an age of 13.75 ± 0.03 Ma, and the MN6/MN7–8 boundary (Aragon section) in the interval C5Ar.1n–C5Ar.3r with an age of 12.75 ± 0.25 Ma. The MN7–8/MN9 (Aragonian/Vallesian) boundary, occurring in chron C5r.1n at 11.1 Ma, and the MN9/MN10 boundary, in chron C4Ar.3r at 9.7 ± 0.1 Ma, are recorded in the Vallès-Penèdes Basin (Vallesian type area) and are supported by the results from the Duero Basin (Torremormojón section). In the Turolian type area (Teruel Basin), the MN10/MN11 (Vallesian/Turolian) boundary (La Gloria section) occurs in chron C4An(y) at 8.7 ± 0.1 Ma. Taking into account the pre-existing data from the Júcar-Cabriel Basin, the MN11/MN12 boundary (Cabriel Valley section) is recalibrated to C4n.1n, at an age of 7.5 ± 0.1 Ma.