Mobility of core melts during Earthʹs accretion

We have equilibrated carbon-saturated FeNiCoS melts in a San-Carlos olivine matrix between 1350 and 1570°C at 2 GPa, to measure the median dihedral angles of metallic core melts in a silicate mantle matrix as a function of temperature and sulfur fugacity. The angles increase from about 68° for the most oxidized monosulfide liquid solutions (metal-sulfur ratio ∼ 0.97), to ∼ 115° for the most reduced metal-rich melts (MS ∼ 100). Temperature effects are small. These angles preclude that metallic core melts could have segregated efficiently from a crystalline silicate mantle by grain boundary percolation. We suggest that core formation must have occurred from a magma ocean.