New rates of western Pacific island arc magmatism from seismic and gravity data

Numerous studies have been conducted in order to look into the evolution of the continental crust. Some suggest that one of the mechanisms which contribute to the growth of continental crust is arc magmatism. It is in this context that Reymer and Schubert (Tectonics 3 (1984) 63) estimated arc magmatic addition rates to the continental crust. Their results suggest that island arc magmatism was producing material at an average rate of 20–40 km3/km/Myr (volume per unit width along the strike direction of arc). The present work utilizes the most recent worldwide marine gravity data, together with improved seismic data from some oceanic island arcs in the western Pacific region. The combined gravity and seismic data allow a more accurate image of the subsurface configuration beneath the oceanic island arcs and yield better estimates of crustal volumes created during arc magmatic processes. Oceanic island arcs investigated in this study show a crustal thickness ranging from 20 to 30 km. Utilizing this thickness, the relevant crustal volume for each island arc is then estimated. Dividing the crustal volume by the age of initiation of subduction of the arc gives arc magmatic addition rates of 30–95 km3/km/Myr. The estimates presented here are nearly twice as high as the previous estimates of arc magmatic addition rates.