Late Devensian evolution of the marine offshore environment of western Scotland

Offshore boreholes from the outer Firth of Clyde and from the Sea of the Hebrides passed through marine deposits of Holocene, Loch Lomond Stadial (LLS) and Windermere Interstadial (WI) age, but it is likely that older, probably Dimlington Stadial (DS) strata, now removed by erosion, were formerly present at the entrance to the Firth of Clyde. The late-glacial environment was one of very rapid deposition punctuated by erosive episodes. Reworking and redeposition led to the mixing of otherwise incompatible warm, shallow-water and cold, offshore faunas, particularly during a ‘warm’ event towards the end of the WI. The latter is correlated with Greenland Interstadial GI1a, but no evidence has been found for climatic ameliorations corresponding to GI1c and GI1e earlier in the Wl. A less cold interval at the end of the LLS may be coeval with climatic changes in Norway and the Shetland–Faroe Channel. Glacier ice disappeared from the outer Firth of Clyde before the close of the DS, and the Glasgow area was deglaciated across the DS/WI transition. The borehole evidence for the timing of deglaciation in the Sea of the Hebrides is inconclusive.