Advanced DInSAR analysis on mining areas: La Union case study (Murcia, SE Spain)

The town of La Union (SE, Spain) is located within a metal mining area that has been exploited since the Roman period. This historic exploitation has left behind a high concentration of abandoned underground mining galleries. Currently, an industrial area is subsiding due to the collapse of one of these galleries in May 1998. In this paper, an advanced Differential Interferometry SAR (DInSAR) method called the Coherent Pixels Technique (CPT) has been used to study the subsidence phenomena for two time intervals, from January 1998 to December 2000, and from March 2003 to December 2004. DInSAR-derived deformation maps have enabled the detection and monitoring of different deformation processes that affect several locations within the study area. By comparing these results with the underground mining galleries map, a clear relationship between their presence and the subsidence has been proved. Deformation values retrieved with DInSAR between April 2003 and December 2004 have been compared with the topographical leveling network measurements performed in this same period, providing an absolute average difference of 0.7 cm with a standard deviation of 0.5 cm. Results obtained in the city of La Union have shown that the advanced DInSAR technique is able to provide very useful spatial and temporal deformation data for the measurement of small scale subsidence throughout short time periods. This technique has enabled the temporal evolution of the phenomena in the city of La Uniَn to be studied and understanding of subsidence to be expanded beyond the limits of a deployed topographical control network, in a more cost effective way than classical methods.