Optimization of RF power absorption by optimization techniques using the lower hybrid current drive of FTU

In this paper, we will report on the experimental results arising from the implementation of optimization techniques to maximize the RF power coupling versus the plasma conditions in the FTU experimental facility. These experiments are carried out by employing the open-source Linux-RTAI control system currently running on the FTU digital feedback loop. The RF power source under consideration is a lower hybrid system (LH) based on six gyrotrons with a nominal power output capability of 1.1 MW each. The optimization of the coupling level between the plasma and the emitting antenna reduces the reflected power, thus maximizing the heating effects in addition to avoiding danger to the emitter (equivalently, annoying safety shutdowns of the system). To this aim, the plasma displacement is modified by suitably adjusting the reference input to the stabilizing feedback, according to a steepest descent algorithm. It will be shown in the paper how this algorithm achieves a satisfactory level of robustness with respect to measurement errors and well performs both in simulation and in experimental tests, thus leading to an improved effectiveness of the RF heating system.