The entropy balance for boiling flow

Subcooled forced convection boiling of water is recognized as one of the best means of accommodating the very high heat fluxes that plasma facing components of fusion reactors have to withstand. The boiling curve, giving the wall temperature in function of the applied flux and flow conditions, is essential for the design of such cooling configurations. In this paper, a new entropy balance for subcooled boiling flow, which allows the wall temperature to be obtained, is presented and successfully compared with experimental data from the Joint US–Euratom R&D Program. The derivation of this entropy balance is based on a new strict application of the Reynolds theorem to multiphase flows recently proposed by the author.