Variability of SeaWiFS-derived chlorophyll-a concentrations in waters off central east coast of India, 1998–2003

Seasonal and inter-annual variability in satellite-derived estimates of near-surface chlorophyll-a concentration off the central east coast of India from 1998 to 2003 is examined. Wind-induced upwelling predominates in late spring and winter, coinciding with the maximum in solar radiation, leading to increased accumulations of phytoplankton biomass. Chlorophyll concentrations varied from 2 to 10 mg/m3 over the central east coast of India and were generally lower in June and maximal in March. Chlorophyll concentrations along the coast followed a similar seasonal pattern (ranging from 0.5 to 6 mg/m3); however, concentrations were always greater on the Machilipatnam and Nellore compared with the Visakhapatnam and Chennai. The lack of upwelling favorable conditions results in the majority of the southern side of the central east coast of India waters being insufficient, which is reflected in low or moderate productivity. The possible reasons and observed correlations between chlorophyll-a and upwelling index during the study period was discussed.