Experimental studies and modelling of four-way coupling in particle-laden horizontal channel flow

Detailed measurements in a horizontal channel flow laden with solid particles with different size and loading ratio were performed using phase-Doppler anemometry. The data were required for the validation of numerical calculations based on the Euler/Lagrange approach. In this approach the Reynolds-averaged continuity and Navier–Stokes equations in connection with a full Reynolds-stress model constitute the basis. The conservation equations include appropriate source terms resulting from the dispersed phase (i.e., two-way coupling). For modelling the particle phase in the Lagrangian frame all relevant effects are accounted for, such as, turbulent dispersion, transverse lift forces, wall collisions with roughness, and inter-particle collisions (i.e., often called four-way coupling). Comparison of measurement and numerical calculation is presented for different particle diameters and mass loading. The agreement was found to be reasonable good for both mean and fluctuating velocities.