Author/Authors :
Kalantar، Mojtaba نويسنده Faculty of Pharmacy, Toxicology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. , , Goudarzi، Mehdi نويسنده Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmacy School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran Goudarzi, Mehdi , Khodayar، Mohammad Javad نويسنده Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. , , Fakhanik-Babaei، Javad نويسنده Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran , , Foruozandeh، Hossein نويسنده Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmacy and Toxicology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran , , Bakhtiari، Nima نويسنده Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz
Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR
Iran , , Alidadi، Hadis نويسنده Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz
Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR
Iran ,
Abstract :
Cyclophosphamide (CP) is one of the most popular alkylating
anticancer drugs despite its toxic side effects, including
nephrotoxicity, hematotoxicity, mutagenicity, and immunotoxicity.
Capparis spinosa is a multipurpose plant that contains a number of
chemically active and diverse secondary metabolites, particularly
flavonoids. Rutin and quercetin are two major flavonoids in the caper
plant. This study was undertaken to investigate the protective effect of
Capparis spinosa L. extract on nephrotoxicity induced by
cyclophosphamide in mice. In this experimental study, 40 male Swiss
albino mice (20 - 25 g) were randomly divided into five groups with each
group consisting of eight mice. Mice were pretreated with C. spinosa
extract (CSE) orally in doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg for five
consecutive days, and CP (200 mg/kg, ip) was administrated on the fifth
day 1 hour after the last dose of extract. The animals were sacrificed
on the sixth day. Blood samples were collected to determine the serum
creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels. The
malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels were assayed in
kidney tissue. The right kidney was maintained in 10% formalin for
hematoxylin and eosin staining and histological examination. Different
plant parts (fruit, leaves, and petals) were examined for antioxidant
activity by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay, and leaf extract was
used to determine nephroprotective effects. Results showed a significant
increase in the levels of MDA, Cr, and BUN and a reduction of GSH by CP
administration. Pre-treatment with CSE decreased the levels of MDA, Cr,
and BUN. GSH increased in all doses, but the most significant alteration
was observed in the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg (P < 0.05). The
nephroprotective effect of the CSE was confirmed by the histological
examination of the kidneys. Our results indicate that CSE ameliorates
biochemical indices and oxidative stress parameters against CP-induced
nephrotoxicity.
