Organizations and companies have realized that HSE management is an integral and vital part of modern factories and organizations. Developing HSE processes requires performance assessment, for which defining appropriate indicators is a necessity. As a result of the non-deterministic nature of performance indicators, assessments are prone to influence from the personal judgments by the evaluators. This study aims to present a performance assessment model for HSE in fuzzy environments in the smelting industry. A questionnaire is used to conduct the study in one of the biggest steel production units in Iran. The results revealed that, in the areas of health, safety, and environment, control of disease, fire hazards, and air pollution are of paramount importance, with coefficients of 0.057, 0.062, and 0.054, respectively. Furthermore, health and environment indicators were found to be the most common causes of poor performance. Finally, it was shown that HSE management systems can affect the majority of performance safety indicators the short run, whereas health and environment indicators require longer periods of time.